proftp 1.2.9的基本安装手册( 十 )


Some other applications may not encounter this error if they use the initgroups(3) function, which reads the /etc/group file

for a user"s supplemental group memberships, and sets those groups. This function, however, silently ignores any supplemental

groups for user greater than NGROUPS_MAX, unlike setgroups(2), which complains.

If this is the cause of your error message, any solution will most likely involve reducing the number of groups your users

are members of, or tuning the NGROUPS_MAX value, if your operating system allows it.

33. Why do I see error messages like these when I logout?


PAM(exit): Permission denied
open_module: stat(/usr/lib/security/pam_unix.so.1) failed: No such file or directory
load_modules: can not open module /usr/lib/security/pam_unix.so.1
PAM(exit): Dlopen failure.


These messages appear when the DefaultRoot configuration directive is in effect. This directive causes a user to be confined

using the chroot(2) system call. This call, however, affects other system utilities, such as PAM. In this case, PAM"s

configuration is causing the PAM library to attempt to open PAM modules using a path that is no longer valid, thus the

errors. This happens on logout because the chroot has already happened by that point; on login, the PAM modules are

successfully found and loaded before the chroot, so no errors. These are merely cosmetic reporting errors, and do not really

affect the functionality or security of the server.

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