Some other applications may not encounter this error if they use the initgroups(3) function, which reads the /etc/group file
for a user"s supplemental group memberships, and sets those groups. This function, however, silently ignores any supplemental
groups for user greater than NGROUPS_MAX, unlike setgroups(2), which complains.
If this is the cause of your error message, any solution will most likely involve reducing the number of groups your users
are members of, or tuning the NGROUPS_MAX value, if your operating system allows it.
33. Why do I see error messages like these when I logout?
PAM(exit): Permission denied
open_module: stat(/usr/lib/security/pam_unix.so.1) failed: No such file or directory
load_modules: can not open module /usr/lib/security/pam_unix.so.1
PAM(exit): Dlopen failure.
These messages appear when the DefaultRoot configuration directive is in effect. This directive causes a user to be confined
using the chroot(2) system call. This call, however, affects other system utilities, such as PAM. In this case, PAM"s
configuration is causing the PAM library to attempt to open PAM modules using a path that is no longer valid, thus the
errors. This happens on logout because the chroot has already happened by that point; on login, the PAM modules are
successfully found and loaded before the chroot, so no errors. These are merely cosmetic reporting errors, and do not really
affect the functionality or security of the server.
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